Machine for forging horseshoe-nails or other articles



No. 625,229. 7 Patented May l6, I899. H. A. WILLIAMS. MACHINE FOB FOBGING HORSESHOE NAILS OR OTHER ARTICLES.

(Application filed June 9, 1898.)

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No. 625,229. Patented May l6, I899.

H. A. WILLIAMS.

MACHINE FOB FOREING HOBSESHOE NAILS OR OTHER ARTICLES.

(Application filed June 9, 1898.) (No Model.) II Sheets-Sheet 2.

l ililiiiiminmmlmllll" No, 625,229. Patented May I6, I899.

H. A. WILLIAMS. MAEHINE FOR FURGING HDBSESHOE NAILS OR OTHER ARTICLES.

(Application filed June 9, 1898.)

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(No Model.)

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Ho 625,229. Patented May I6, 1899. H. A. WILLIAMS.

MACHINE FOR FURGING HOBSESHOE NAILS OR OTHER ARTICLES. (Application filed June 9, 1898.)

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No. 625,229. Patente d May l6, I899. n. A. WILLIAMS.

MACHINE FOR FORBIIIG III'IIISESIIOE NAILS OR OTHER ARTICLES.

(Application filed June 9, 1898.)

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(No Model.)

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A. WILLIAMS.

(Application filed Jun 9, 1898.)

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No. 625,229. Patented May l6, I899. H. A. WILLIAMS.

MACHINE FUR FOBGING HOBSESHOE NAILS OR OTHER ARTICLES.

(Application filed June 9, 1898.)

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(No Model.)

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No. 625,229. Patented May I6, 1859. n. A. WILLIAMS.

MACHINE FOR FOBGING HORSESHUE NAILS OR OTHER ARTICLES.

(Application filed June 9, 1898.)

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Patented May I6, I899. H. A. WILLIAMS. MACHINE FOB FORGING HORSESHOE NAILS OR OTHER ARTICLES.

(Application filed June 9, 1898.)

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OTHER ARTICLES ll Sheefs-Sheet 20.

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URSESHUE NAILS 0R 'cation filed June 9, 1898.)

name H "0,625,229. Patented May is, I899.

H. A. WILLIAMS. MACHINE FOB FORGING HOBSESHOE NAILS OR OTHER ARTICLES.

(Apylication filed June 9, 1898.)

ll Sheets-Sheet II.

(No Model.)

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UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

HENRY ALEXIS WVILLIAMS, OF QUINCY, MASSACHUSETTS, ASSIGNOR TO THE PUTNAM NAIL COMPANY, OF BOSTON, MASSACHUSETTS.

MACHINE FOR FORGING HORSESHOE-NAILS OR OTHER ARTICLES.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 625,229, dated May 16, 1899.

Application filed June 9, 1898. Serial No- 683,028. (N0 model.)

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, HENRY ALEXIS WIL- LIAMS, a citizen of the United States, residing at Quincy, in the county of Norfolk and State of Massachusetts, have invented certain Improvements in Machines for Forging Horseshoe- Tails or other Articles, of which the following is a specification.

Hy invention relates particularly to that class of machines for forging horseshoe-nails and other articles in which the blank is cut from a coil of wire or a long strip or rod, then passed through a series of die-grooved rolls arranged in pairs at right angles to each other, and subsequently finished to perfect the shape of the nail or other article produced. To improve the construction of machines of this character and enable them to perform their work more perfectly and effectively than heretofore is the object of my invention, which consists in certain novel features, combination of parts, and details of construction, as will be hereinafter fully described, and specifically pointed out in the claims.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is a front elevation of my improved machine for forging horseshoe-nails and other articles. Fig. 2 is a side elevation of'the same. Fig. 3 is a vertical section on the line 3 3 of Fig. 1. Fig. 4 is an enlarged sectional plan on the line 4 l of Fig. 1. Fig. 5 is a vertical sect-ion on the line 5 5 of Fig. 4. Fig. 6 is a horizontal section on the line 6 (i of Fig. 5. Fig. 7 is a vertical section similar to Fig. 5, with the parts in a different position. Figs. 8 and 9 are enlarged sectional details of the dies for producing and finishing the scarf or bevel I which forms the point of a horseshoe-nail.

Fig. 10 is a vertical section on the line 10 10 of Fig. 13. Fig. 11 is a sectional detail of the spring which holds the blank after it has been severed from the rod and the parts adjacent thereto. Fig. 12 is an enlarged rear elevation of the upper portion of the machine, showing the mechanism for feeding the rod or wire to the cutters. Fig. 13 is an enlarged horizontal section on'the line 13 13 of Fig. 1. Fig. 14 is a vertical section on the line 14 1a of Fig. 4. Fig. 15 is a vertical section on the line 15 15 of Fig. 11. Fig. 15 is a vertical section on the line 15 15 of Fig. 1.

Fig. 16 is a front elevation of the movable portions of the scarfing, shearing, and compressing dies. Fig. 17

is a front elevation of the cylindrical bed or block which carries the stationary portions of the scarfing, shearing, and compressing dies and the carrier-ring for receiving and carrying the nails to said dies. Fig. 18 is an enlarged vertical section on the line 18 13 of Fig.

2. Fig. 18 is a horizontal section on the line 18 18 of Fig. 18. Figs. 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, and 24 are sectional details of' one pair of the diegrooved rolls, showing the cam-operated grippers which seize the blank and feed it to the said rolls, said grippers and rolls being shown in ditferent positions in said figures. Figs.

25 and 26 are perspective views of the dies for cutting the nail-blank from the coil of wire or rod. Fig. 27 is a detail of the mechanism which operates the cutters for severing the 7: blank from the wire or rod. Figs. 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, and 33 represent in front and side elevation the blank in different stages of completion. Fig. 34 represents in front and side elevation the finished nail after having been trimmed and pointed. Fig. 35 represents the surplus portion of the nail sheared off by the cutting-dies in the operation of finishing the nail after passing through the rolls.

In the drawings, A represents the framework of the machine, of proper shape tosupport the working parts. B, Figs. 3 and 4;, is

the driving-shaft, to which is secured a bevelgear G, meshing with and driving a horizontal bevel-gear D on a vertical shaft E, supported in bearings at the top and bottom of the framework and carrying at its upper smaller end a bevel-pinion 50, which meshes with a bevel-gear 51 on a horizontal shaft 52, supported in bearings rising from, the top plate aof the framework. The shaft 52 has secured to its outer end a crank-plate 53, Fig. 12, having a centrallongitudinal dovetail groove b, in which fitsacrank pin orstud 54,madead justable toward and from the center of said 5 plate 53 by means of a nut 55, said pin hearing against the under side of a feed-lever 56 which is held in contact with said pin by a spring 57, the revolution of the crank-plate 53 in connection with the spring 57 thus produc- 10o ing an upward-and-downward movement of the lever 56, which through the medium of a roller friction-clutch G transmits an intermittent rotary motion to a horizontal shaft 58, carrying a gear 59,which meshes .with a gear on a shaft 61, parallel with the shaft 58, these two shafts carrying at their outer ends a pair of grooved feed-wheels 62 and 63, between which passes the wire strip or nail-rod 48, and by which said rod is fed through a guide 49 into the path of the cutters, to be hereinafter described, which sever from said rod a short length or blank 6, Figs. 10, 11, and 28, of the proper length for the horseshoe-nail to be forged, said nail rod or wire being straightened, if crooked, by passing between two grooved wheels 64 and 65 on one side and a single grooved wheel 66 midway between and opposite thereto, as shown in Fig. 1, thewheel 66 being made adjustable toward and from the wheels 61 and 65 by means of a screw 67. Between the outer bearings 70 and 71 of the feed-wheel shafts 58 and 61 is placed a spring 69, which tends to force them apart, and against the movable bearing 71 rests a pin 72, sliding in a tubular support 7 3, acted upon bya h-and cam-lever 7 4, where by the feed-wheels are caused to grip the nail.- rod or be separated to release the same when required. By changing the position of the stud 54 in the groove 1) the throw of the rollerclutch feed-lever 56 may be varied to change the amount of movement of the feed-wheels and the consequent length of the nail-rod fed forward for a blank at each intermittent movement of said feed-wheels, and by the employment ofafriction-rollerfeedclutch for transmitting the movement of the lever 56 to the feed-wheels I am enabled to adjust the feed of the rod with the greatest nicety to produce a blank of the exact length required, which cannot always be accomplished with a ratchet-and-pawl mechanism, as with the latter no movement or feed can be eifected less than the distance between two adjacent teeth of the ratchet-wheel.

75 76 are the cutters by which a piece of the nail-rod of the desired length to form a blank 6, Fig. 28, is severed from the end of the nail-rod as the latter is moved forward by the feedavheels. The upper cutter 75, which is stationary, is secured in a horizontal recess in a blockf, bolted to the upper portion of the framework, and is made adjustable for wear by a screw 77, provided with a jam-nut 78. The lower or movable cutter 76 is ad justably secured to a horizontal slide 79, Figs. 1 and 10, movable in suitable bearings and having pivoted to its outer end a toggle 80, which is actuated to operate the cutter 76 by a bifurcated rod or pitman 81, Figs. 1 and 27, which is reciprocated by a cam 82 on a shaft 83, passing through a slot in the pitman 81, said cam being located between and acting upon two antifriction-rolls Si 85, placed between the forks of the pitman 81, whereby as the shaft 83 is rotated the desired movements are imparted to the cutter-slide 7 9. The cutters are so shaped as to out off the two upper corners of the blank, as shown in Fig. 28, as required to leave the head of the nail of the proper shape when finished.

86, Fig. 10, is a follower or plunger sliding .in a horizontal recess in the block f and having its shank encircled between its head and the end of said recess-by a spring 46, by which it is kept firmlyin contact with the blank as the latter is being severed from the rod by the movable cutter, said blank being thus securely held in proper vertical position and prevented from turning or twisting while being cut, thereby causing the head to be cut squarely and at right angles with the sides. The outer end of the shank of the follower 86, which projects through the block f, is provided with nuts 45, which act as a stop to limit the inward movement of the plunger and prevent it from projecting into the path of the nail-rod and obstructing the same. To prevent the blank from dropping through the conductor 87 onto the rolls beneath when the movable cutter has reached the end of its backward movement, I provide alight spring 88, Figs. 10 and 11, which is secured to a covering-plate 40, Fig. 11, bolted to the block'f, said spring extending up into a recess 90 in the outer end of the follower 86 and normally projecting beyond the end of said follower into the path of the nail-rod, which forces it back into the recess 90 as it is fed down by the wheels 62 63. The spring 88 thus exerts a constant pressure on the blank and keeps it firmly in contact wit-h the end of the movable cutter 76 after the latter has been complete] y withdrawn, thus preventing the blank from falling by its own weight, which it is desired to avoid. The blank is pushed down against the friction of the spring 85 and delivered positively into the first or upper conductor 87 by the next advance of the nail-rod,- the blank thence passing head portion foremost directly into contact with the first of a series of pairs of rolls H, provided with dies g, which act successively on opposite sides of the blank to gradually reduce the same and give it the proper shape, width, and thickness for a perfect horseshoe-nail, as shown in Figs. 28 to 32, inclusive, the point being formed and finished after the nail has left the rolls by other mechanism, which will be hereinafter described.

The rolls H are arranged in pairs beneath each other, the two rolls of a pair being connected to revolve together by gears 72, and each pair being placed'at right angles to the pair immediately above it, as shown. The rolls are supported in boxes 91, Fig. 18, mounted in housings I, each of which is adjustably secured to the vertical wall of the framework A by a heavy screw-bolt 92, Fig. 3, passing through a horizontalslot 93. The journal of one roll of each pair is elongated and connected with a shaft 91 in line therewith by means of a coupling 95, Figs. 1 and 2, which permits the housing I to be adjusted when desired, and each of said shafts 94 is provided with a gear 90, through the hub of which it slides with a spline. Each gear 96 meshes with and is driven by a gear 97, secured to a short shaft 98, supported in boxes on the opposite side of the wall of the framework, as shown in Fig. 3, said short shafts 98 each carrying a bevel-gear 99, which meshes with and is driven by a bevel-gear 100 on the vertical shaft E, which is connected with the drivingshaft, as previously described, motion being in this manner transmitted from the driving-shaft to each pair of die-grooved rolls H. v

Suitable openings are cutthrough the walls of the framework A-to allow the gears 96 and 97 to engage each other. The boxes 91, which support the journals of each pair of rolls H, slide in suitable guideways in the housings l, and are held in place by a screw 101, bearing against the outer boX.

The blank comes into contact with the first or upper pair of rolls in an edgewise position, as shown in Figs. 19 to 24, inclusive, the dies acting on the edges of the blank and causing it to be slightly reduced and drawn out, as shown in Fig. 29. The second pair of rolls, owing to their position at right angles to the pair above, act on the flat sides of the nail-blank, still further drawing and elongating it, as shown in Fig. 30. The third pair again act on the edges of the blank, reducing and elongating it, as shown in Fig. 31, and the fourth pair actagain on the fiat sides of the blank to still further reduce it and give it the proper shape, width, and thickness for a finished nail, Fig. 32, and in case the number of pairs of rolls should be increased they would be arranged to act alternately on the edges and fiat sides of the blank in the same manner. As soon as the blank has dropped through the first conductor 87 onto the first pair of rolls H itis seized by a pair of spring-grippers 102 similar to 'those shown enlarged in detail in Figs. 19 to 21, inclusive, which illustrate the third of the series of pairs of die-grooved rolls H and the grippers and gripper-operating mechanism connected therewith. Each pair of rolls is provided with a pair of these spring-grippers 1 02, the upper ends of which are drawn toward each other by a light spring a Fig. 18, and as they are all of the same construction and are operated in the same manner by similar mechanism a description of one will apply to all. The two members of these grippers, which are composed of spring metal, are pivoted at or near the center to a sleeve 103, which slides on 'the guide-tube or conductor 87 and is moved vertically thereon by an arm 105, secured to a horizontal rock-shaft 106, having its bearings in the housings I, said shaft 106 carrying at its outer end an arm 107, Figs. 1 and 2, provided at its lower end with a projecting pin 108, which is engaged by a cam-groove 109 in a wheel 110, Figs. 1, 2, 3, and 18, secured to the end of the journal of one of the diegrooved rolls H.

onto the rolls the portion dot the cam-groove 109, Fig. 2, acting on the pin 108, produces a slight descent or primary movement of the sleeve 103, which causes the inclined projections 112 at the upper ends of the two'members of the grippers to ride over the beveled projections or cams 113 on the guide-tube 8'7 and pass down onto the vertical portions of said cams below the shoulders, as shown in Fig. 22, which causethe jaws of the grippers to tightly grasp the blank which is then held stationary with its head portion in contact with the rolls, as shown in Figs. 21 and 22, while the pin 108 is passing through the concentric portion is of the cam-groove 109, during which'time the recesses 115 of the dies 9 are being brought around into a position to receive the end of the blank to form the head of a nail. The moment that these recesses 115 reach the end of the blank the portion 39 of the cam-groove 109, acting on the pin 108, will, through the connections described, produce a still further descent of the grippers,

' which are in this manner caused to carry the blank down positively into the said recesses 115, as shown in Figs. 23 and 24, with a speed corresponding exactly to the surface velocity of the dies, whereby thenail-blank is always properly placed within the die-grooved rolls to insure their acting on the blank at the right moment as they revolve in order to produce-a nail of perfect shape. Were it not for this device the rolls if revolving at a high speed might fail to take the blank at the right moment and it would consequently be crushed out of shape and spoiled. As the rolls con-- tinue to revolve "from the position shown in Figs. 23 and. 24 the blank will be drawn by the rolls from between the grippers, which are then carried back to their normal position, (shown in Figs. 19 and 20,) the nail-blank being at the same time by the movement of the rolls delivered into the next conductor 87, from which it passes to the next pair of rolls H beneath, which draw down and elongate the blank still further, and so on throughout the entire series.

As the mechanism which closes the springgrippers tightly onto the blank and produces the descent of the same receives its motion from a cam-wheel secured directly to the journal of one of the pairs of rolls which is next to operate on the blank, it follows that the movement of the die-grooved rolls and the grippers which cooperate therewith will be always synchronous, as required to produce perfect results.

The die-grooves of the several pairs of rolls decrease in width and depth and increase in length as the pairs of rolls succeed each other in a downward direction, whereby the blank is reduced in width and thickness and drawn out until itis given the elongated shape shown in Fig. 32.

To prevent breakage or injury to the ma- As soon as the blank drops becoming lodged in the conducting-tube 87,

which would cause those immediately following it to become jammed or wedged into said tube before the machine could be stopped by hand, I provide an automatic stop mechan ism adapted to be operated by the rocking of the nail-conducting tube to one side on a pivot, which movement of the conduct-ingtube is effected by the descent therein of a nail-blank immediately following one lodged in the tube, and thereby clogging the same, the second nail being carried bythe rollsinto contact with the first one and byits pressure thereon forcing the tube slightly to one side on its pivot, as will now be described.

The tube or conductor 87 beneath the lowest or fourth pair of die-grooved rolls is provided on one side with a lug 116, which is firmly, but removably, secured by a bolt and nut 117 to a plate 118 of the form shown in Figs. 18 and 18, said plate being pivoted at 119 to the adjacent housing I. The tube 87 is by this construction capable of a slight movement to the right in the arc of a circle having its center at the pivotal point 119 against the resistanceof a spring 120, encircling a rod 121, passing through a plate 122 and pivoted below the same to the plate 118, said spring being confined between the plate 122 and a disk 123 at the top of the rod 121.

38 is a curved arm or finger, the lower end of which lies in contact with the tube 87, near its top, said finger being secured to a rockshaft 124, to which is also secured a depending arm 125, which is normally drawn inward by a spring 126 to keep the end of the finger 38 in contactwith the tube 87. The arm 125 is provided with a notch '127, which is engaged bya projecting arm 128, Figs. 2 and 18, on a long drop lever 130, fulcrumed at 131 to a post 132, Fig. 1, said lever being thus supported against its own weight by the arm 125 in the position shown in Figs. 1 and 18. To the short arm of the lever 130 is pivoted a link 134, Figs. 1, 4, and 14, through an aperture 135 at the bottom of which passes a latch 136, pivoted to a hand-lever 137, fulcrumed to the base of the machine and adapted to bear against a projection 138 on a block 139, as shown in Fig. 14. To the hand-lever 137 is pivoted a rod 140, to the inner end of which is secured a curved piece m, having wedgeshaped ends 142. The rod 140 is provided with a shoulder 143 and slides horizontally within a shouldered aperture 144 in the block 139, Fig. 14, where it is encircled between its shoulder 143 and the shoulder of the aperture 144 by a spring 145, which'serves to force the rod and wedge-piece m inwardly when the latch 136 is lifted by the link 134 out of contact with the stop or projection 138, the inward movement of the rod being limited by the contact of a collar 146 thereon with the side of the block 139.

K is a disk keyed to the driving-shaft B, as shown in Figs. 14 and 15, and lyingclosely against the hub 148 of the driving-pulley L,

The pin 149 is provided with a rectangular head 152, which lies in the path of the curved wedge-piece on when the latter is forced inward by the action of the spring 145, the end of'the wedge-shaped piece then passing between the head 152 and the face of the disk 1 K and forcing the pin 149 outward to withdraw it from the recess 150, when the drivingwheel will be disengaged from the driving-- shaft 13, thus instantly stopping the machine. The release of the rod 140 is effected by the swinging to the right of the conducting-tube 87 when obstructed,as before described,which acts on the finger 38, and through the connections described releases the drop-lever 130, the fall of which lifts the latch 134, when the rod 140 and wedge-piece m will be forced inward by the spring 145, causing the disk K on the driving-shaft to be unlocked from the hub of the driving-pulley L, as before described. After the tube 87 has been cleared of the obstruction which produces the operation of the stop-motion, as above described, the rod 140 and wedge piece m are drawn back by the hand-lever 137 until the latch 136 catches against the stop 138, when the spring 151 will force the pin against the face of the hub 148, so that it will enter one of the recesses 150 in the said hub as the latter revolves, thus again setting the machine in motion.

In the machine here represented I have shown the above-described stop-motion applied to the conducting-tube S7 of one pair of rolls H only; but in practice I prefer to pivot each of the conducting-tubes 87 and provide similar means whereby the swinging of any one of saidtubes 87 will effect the release of the drop-lever 130.

If the coil of wire or rod 48 should run out without being noticed by the attendant, the last piece of the rod would be of greater length than required for a blank, and would consequently obstruct the rolls and cause injury or breakage. I therefore provide-a stopmotion to automatically arrest the feed when the nail-rod has nearly run out, as will now be described.

1) is a horizontal bar sliding in an opening 154, Fig. 13, in a piece 155 and encircled therein by a spring 156, bearing against a shoulder on the bar and the shouldered end of the opening 154, whereby an antifriction-roll 157, carriedby one end of said bar 19, is caused to bear lightly against the nail-rod, which holds the bar 1) back against the resistance of the spring 156, as shown in Figs. 1 and 13, said spring serving to throw the bar outward which is free to turn on the shaftB when not as far as permitted by a stop-collar q as soon ICC IIO

as the end of the nail-rod has been carried below the roll 157. '1" is an upright arm which is pivoted at its lower end to the top plate (0,. as shown in Fig. 3, and has pivoted to its upper end a long bar 160, having a notch 1 61, which engages the upper edge of a stationary plate 36, whereby the arm 7' is held back in the position shown in Fig. 3 against theresistanceofaspring162. The ba'rpis provided at the end opposite to that which carries the roll 157 with an upward incline or wedge 163, Fig. 1, which when said bar 1) is thrown forward by its spring 156 on the running out of the nail-rod acts on the bar 160 and raises it sufficiently to disengage its notch 161 from the plate 36, when the spring 162 will carry the top of the arm 0' into a position beneath the feed-lever 56 when the latter is raised, as shown in Fig. 12, thus intercepting said lever and preventing any further movement of the feed-wheels 62 63,as desired. The waste-piece or end of the nail-rod can now be withdrawn and a new rod inserted after the bar 19 has been drawn back in order to place its roll 157 against said' new nailrod, after which the bar 160 is drawn forward by taking hold of its outer end until its notch 161 engages the upper edge of the plate 36, when the machine will be again ready to continue its operation. This stop mechanism will be found extremely convenient whenever it is desired to temporarily arrest the feed of the nail-rod without stopping the machine, it being merely necessary to lift the outer end of the bar 160 to disengage it from the plate 36, when the spring 162 will carry the arm 7 into a position to intercept the feed-lever, as previously described.

After passing through the last pair of diegrooved rolls the partially-finished nail drops headforemost into one of two pockets 8, Figs. 2 and 5, extending diametrically through a rotary inverting carrier-wheel M, which is -then turned one-half a revolution to deliver the nail-point foremost into one of the peripheral notches or sockets of a revolving nail-carrier Q, to be hereinafter described. The wheel M is secured to the end of a horizontal shaft 164, Fig. 15*, supported in a long stationary bearing 165, to the outer end of which is seen red a curved guard-plate 166,partially encircling the periphery of'the wheel M and serving to prevent the nail from dropping out of the pocket before the wheel has completed its half-revolution. The two pockets 5 for the nails are placed side by side, with their open ends on opposite sides of the periphery of the wheel, said pocketshaving a removable cover 167, whereby access may be 171, which acts on a cam-roll 172 on the bar 170, thus depressing the same against the resistance of a retracting-spring 173, Fig. 1, a vertical reciprocating movement being thus given to the bar 170 to produce through the connections described the desired movement of the carrier-wheel M, each half-revolution of which brings the open end or mouth of one of the pockets 5 into a position to receive a nail from the die-rolls H above andthe' open end of the other pocket into a position to discharge the nail previously dropped therein into the rotary carrier-ring Q, by which it is brought into a position to be acted upon by the scarfing, trimming, and com pressing dies, which form the scarf or bevel at the point of the nail and. trim or shear off the surplus metal to produce a perfect point and compress and finish the nail, as will be hereinafter described. The shaft 164 of the carrierwheel M is provided with a friction-brake 174, Fig. 1, which prevents the wheel from being carried by its own momentum beyond the distance required to bring the mouth of each pocket 8 directly beneath the conductor 87.

N is a cylindrical bed or support bolted to the base of the machine, and Q is the intermittently-rotating nail-carrying ring, which rests on the top of the cylinder N, said ring being provided around its rim or periphery with a series of vertical grooves or sockets t for the reception of the nails as they fall from the inverting carrier-wheel M, said nails being suspended by their heads with their shanks hanging down outside the cylinder N, as shown in Figs. 5 and 17, and being carried around by the carrier-ring Q, to be successively acted upon by the scar-ling, trimming, and compressing dies. The carrier-ring Q is intermittently rotated by means of a reciproeating pawl 176,- Figs. 1 and 2, which engages the crown ratchet-teeth 177 on said ring. This pawl, which is kept in contact with the ratchet-teeth by a spring 178, is pivoted to an arm 179, secured to one end of a short shaft supported in a bearing 180 and having secured to its opposite end an arm 181, which is vibrated by a rod 182, pivoted thereto and carrying at its upper end a strap encircling an eccentric 183 on the lower shaft 94, each revolution of which thus produces a movev ment of the carrier-ring Q equal to the distance between two adjacent nails in the sockets i. As the ring Q revolves each nail is brought in succession into line with a reciprocating die 184, having its face inclined in both directions toward the center, forming a sharp horizontal edge 185, as shown in Fig. 8. This die 184 cooperates with a stationary member or anvil 186, adjustably secured with- IIO in the solidportion ct of the cylinder N, as

pivoted a. slotted bar 190, which is reciprocated by a cam 191 on a short shaft 192, supported in bearings 193 andhaving secured to one end a bevel-gear 194, Fig. 4, which meshes with a bevel-gear 195 on the driving-shaft B,

the bar 190 being provided with antifrictionrolls 1) on each side of the cam 191.

U represents the reciprocating cutting or trimming die, which is secured to the slide T, and 196 is the stationary punch, which cooperates therewith, said punch having the shapev or outline of the fiat side of a finished nail and being adjustable within the portion a of the cylinder N by means of screws and nuts, as shown in Figs. 5 and 6, whereby it may be adjusted for wear. The movable cutting-die U is composed of two portions, as shown in Fig. 6, the two cutting edges 198 of which are inclined downward and inward, as shown in Fig. 5, thereby producing with the stationary punch 196 a shearing cut to trim off the surplus metal from the nail after the latter has been acted upon by the rolls, as previously described, the piece of metal cut off from the lower portion of the shank being shown in Fig. 35, leaving the shank of the exact shape required for a perfect nail, as shown in Fig. 34E.

Between the two side pieces of the cutting die U is placed a slide '200, which has the same shape or outline in cross-section as the punch 196, as shown in Fig. 16; but instead of having a straight vertical face it is inclined or curved backward and upward, as shown in Fig. 5, to conform exactlyto the shape of the inclined side of a horsehoe-nail. This slide 200, which forms the yielding back of a compressing-die-the punch forming the other' memberis secured by a bolt within a slot in the head of a spindle which slides horizontally in a support 204:, made adjustable horizontally within the slide T by means of screws projecting from said support and having their heads in contact with the rear wall of the opening in the slide T, which forms a stop therefor, whereby it may be caused to project more or less on the side next to the head 202. The spindle 203 is encircled within the support 20% by a stiff spiral spring 206, which is confined between a shoulder at the inner end of the aperture in which it is placed and a shoulder on the spindle, said spindle being held in place when adjusted by nuts 207 on its threaded end, as shown in Fig. 6, a space being left between the head of the spindle and the front end of the support 204 to permitthe spindle to be' forced backward against the resistance of the spring while the nail is being trimmed by the cutting-die U. Projecting from the slide T on the side of the cutting-die U opposite to that on which the scarfing-die 184: is located is a compressingdie I, having an incline 208 on the upper half of its end or face corresponding to the shape of the scarf or bevel at the point of the nail, as shown in Fig. 9, said die cooperating with a stationary member or anvil 209,secu red in one of its sockets t, as shown in Fig. 17, is

brought into a position between the anvil 186 and the die 18a, which is then advanced by the forward movement of the slide T to form the scarf or bevel at the point of the nail. The die 18% is then withdrawn and at the succeeding movement of the carrier-ring Q the nail is brought into line with the cutting-die U and punch 196, the nail in the next notch or socket tof'the carrier-ring Q being by the same movement brought into line with the scarfing-die 18th. The cutting-die U then advances, when the rearwardly-yielding slide 200, which forms the back of the compressingdie, will force the nail against the punch 196, between which and the said yielding slide 200 it is then tightly compressed as said slide and the cutting-die advance, the slide yielding against the resistance of the spring 206, previousl y referred to, which by its stifiness causes a considerable pressure to be exerted on the nail to hold it firmly and securely in place and prevent any possibility of its turning or getting out of position while beingcut or trimmed. As the cutting-die U continues to advance the lower portion of the shank of the nail is brought against its cutting edges, whereby the piece of surplus metal shown in Fig. 35 is sheared 0d, the sliding back 200 still yielding against the resistance of the spring 206 until the head 202 of the spindle 203, which forms a stop, is brought into contact with the inner slide 200 and the stationary punch 196, where-- by the nail is given the proper shape for driving. The slide T, with the scarfing-dielSjt and cutting-die U, is now drawn back to release the nail, which on the next movement of the carrier-ring Q is brought into line with the compressing-die W and its anvil 209, between which on the next advance of the slide T the scarf is given a final squeeze to perfect the bevel at the point of the nail, the preceding nail being at the same time trimmed and the one directlyin the rear of that compressed at the point to form the bevel or scarf, as previously described. It will be understood from the forging that each intermittent movement of the carrier-rim g Q brings one nail into position to have the scarf or bevel at the point formed by the die 1S4, another nail into a position to be trimmed, and a third nail into thereby enabling the machine to perform its work in a rapid, effective, and economical manner. After the nails have been completed as above described they are carried around by the revolution of the carrier-ring Q between said ring and a curved guard 210, encircling a portion of the same, the shanks of the nails at the same time'being brought into contact with a curved deflector 211, outside of which they travel and which gradually forces the nails outward until their heads are clear of the socketst in the ring Q, when the nails will fall by their own weight out of the machine.

Although I have thus far described my improvementsasappliedtoa machineforforging horseshoe-nails, it is obvious that the abovedescribed machine may be used for forging a great variety of different articles by merely changing the forms of the dies and making other slight and unimportant changes in the mechanism to adapt it for the special article to be forged.

\Vhat I claim as my invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

1. In a forging-machine, the combination with a pair of die-grooved rolls and a conducting-tube or guideway leading thereto, of

. a sleeve sliding on said conducting-tube, a

pair of grippers pivoted to said sleeve and adapted to seize the blank or article to be forged, stationary cams or shoulders on the conducting-tube acting on the grippers to cause the latter to seize the blank on the descent of the sleeve, a cam secured directly to one of the rolls, and mechanism operated by said cam for actuating said sliding sleeve, whereby the grippers secured thereto are caused to descend positively with a speed corresponding to the surface velocity of the dies in the rolls, substantially as described.

2. In a forging-machine, the combination with a seriesof pairs of die-grooved rolls arranged to act successively and alternately upon opposite sides of the blank or article to be forged, and a conducting-tube or guidewayleading from one pair of rolls to the next pair beneath, of a sleeve sliding on said conducting-tube, a pair of grippers pivoted to said sleeve and adapted to seize the blank within the conductor after it has dropped onto the rolls, stationary cams or beveled shoulders on the conducting-tube acting on the grippers to cause the latter to seize the blank on the descent of the sleeve, and means for operating the sleeve to cause the grippers to descend with a speed corresponding to the surface velocity of the dies in the rolls, substantially as described.

3. In a forging-machine, the combination with the die-grooved rolls and the conductingtube leading thereto, of a sleeve sliding on said conducting-tube, a pair of spring-shank grippers centrally pivoted to said sleeve and having their jaws located within the conducting-tube and provided at their upper ends with projections, beveled shoulders orcams on the conducting-tube adapted to act 011 the projections at the-upper ends of the grippers to close their jaws upon the blank as they are carried down with the sleeve, and means controlled by a cam secured directly to one of said die-grooved rolls for imparting a primary movement to the said sleeve and grippers to cause the latter to tightly grip the blank, and a subsequent movement, following a rest, whereby the grippers are caused to positively carry down the blank with a speed corresponding to the surface velocity of the dies and properly place said blank within the recesses of the dies, substantially as described.

4; In a forging-machine, the combination with the feed-wheels, and blank cutting and forging mechanism, of a spring-pressed sliding bar arranged at right angles to the rod from which the blanks are to be cut, a stopmotion for arresting the movement of the feed-wheels only, without stopping the machine, and connecting mechanism between the stop-motion and the spring-pressed bar, whereby the movement of the latter by rea son of the rod passing out. of contact there with, will operate thestop-motion to arrest the feed, thereby leaving the rest of the ma-' chine in motion to finish the nails that are in the different stages of co mpletidn, substantially as described.

5. In a forging-machine, the combination with the feed-wheels for feeding the nail-rod, and mechanism operated by a feed-lever for intermittently actuating said feed-wheels and mechanism for operating said feed -lever, of an automatic stop-motion comprising a sliding bar adapted to be kept in contact by a spring with the nail-rod from which the blank is to be cut, an arm adapted to intercept and arrest the movement of the feedlever to disengage or disconnect it from its operating mechanism, and means whereby said arm is moved to intercept the feed-lever when the sliding bar is released by the nailrod passing out of contact therewith, substantially as described.

6. In a forging-machine, the combination with the feed-wheels for feeding the nail-rod and mechanism operated by a feed-lever for intermittently actuating said feed-wheels, of an automatic stop-motion, comprising a sliding bar arranged at right angles to'the nailrod and provided with an antifriction-roll' kept in contact with the nail-rod by a spring acting on said sliding bar, a spring-pressed arm adapted to pass beneath the feed-lever to intercept the same and arrest its movement, and a bar pivoted to said springpressed arm and provided with a notch for engaging the edge of a stationary plate, said sliding bar having an incline adapted to raise the notched bar and trip the same when said sliding bar is released by the nail-rod passing out of contact therewith, substantially as described.

7. In a forging-machine, the combination with the feed-wheels and mechanism for innected with said lever, means for raising said lever against the resistance of its spring, and an intercepting; arm or lever adapted to be thrust beneath the feed-lever to intercept the same when raised and thereby arrest the movement of the feed-wheels without'stopping the machine, substantially as described. S. In a forging-machine, the combination with the feed-wheels and their shafts connected by gears, of the roller friction-clutch connected to one of said shafts, a feed-lever for operating said clutch, a spring connected with the feed-lever, a rotating crank-plate provided with an adjustable cran k-pin or stud acting on the feed-lever to raise the same against the resistance of its spring, and a stop lever or arm adapted to be thrust beneath the feed-lever to intercept the same when raised and thereby arrest the movement of the feed-wheels without stopping the machine, substantially as described.

9. In a forging-machine, the combination with the stationary and movable cutters, of a spring placed opposite to the end of the movable cutter and normally projecting into the path of the blank cut from the rod, whereby said blankis supported until positively forced down by the next movement of the rod, substantially as described.

10. In a forging-machine, the combination with the feed-wheels and the stationary and movable cutters, of a spring-actuated follower arranged opposite to the end of the movable cutter and adapted to be kept in contact with the blank as it is being severed from the end of the rod, said follower being provided at its outer end with a recess, and a spring extending into said recess and adapted to normally project beyond the end of the follower into the path of the nail-rod to prevent the blank from dropping by its own weight after being severed from the rod, substantially as described.

11. In a forging-machine, the combination with a pair of die-grooved rolls, of a pivoted conducting tube or guide located beneath the same and movable laterally on its axis by the contactof a blank with an obstruction in said tube, and a stop-motion adapted to be tripped to stop the machine by the movement of said conducting-tube when obstructed, substantially as. described.

12. In a forging-machine, the combination with a pair of die-grooved rolls, of a conducting-tube located beneath the same and pivoted on one side of its vertical axis, whereby it may be rocked laterally in the arc of a circle, a spring for keeping said tube in its normal position for receiving a blank from said rolls, a rock-shaft provided with an arm in contact with the movable conducting-tube, a second arm secured to said rock-shaft, and provided with a notch, a drop-lever engaged and supported by said notched arm and adapted to fall by its own weight when released by said notched arm, and means operated by said drop-lever for disengaging the driving-wheel from the driving-shaft, to stop the machine when the conducting-tube is obstructed, substantially as described.

13. In a forging-machine, the combination with the driving-shaft and the driving-wheel loose thereon, of a disk fast on said drivingshaft and provided with aspring-pressed locking-pin adapted to engage the hub of the driving-wheel, a spring-operated wedge adapted when released to withdraw the locking-pin from the driving-wheel, a hand-lever connect-' shaft, and a laterally-movable conducting tube located beneath a pair of die-grooved rolls and adapted to move said finger to release the drop-lever and thereby effect the unlocking of the driving-shaft from the driving-wheel, substantially as described.

14. In a forging-machine, the combination with the intermittently-rotating carrier-ring provided around its periphery with sockets for holding the nails, of a die for forming a scarf or bevel at the pointof the nail, a shearing and compressing die, and a die for producing a final compression of the point of the nail after being trimmed, the movable members of said dies being secured to a single reciprocating slide and arranged to operate simultaneously on a series of successive nails in different stages of completion while held in the sockets of the carrier-ring, and means for discharging said nail from the carrier-ring when completed, substantially as described.

15. In a forging-machine, the combination able members of said dies, and a yielding slide arranged between the two cutting edges of the movable shearing-die and forming the back of a compressing-die cooperating with the punch member of the shearing-die, said yielding back being provided with a spindle sliding within a support made adjustable within the reciprocating slide, and having a head forming a stop to arrest the rearward movement of the yielding back of the die, whereby the nail is subjected to a heavy pressure to give it the proper shape for driving, and a stiff spring encircling said spindle, all operating substantially as described.

16. In a forging-machine, the combination with the reciprocating slide T and means for operating the same, of the shearing-die U seit the proper shape for driving, and a stiff spring encircling the spindle of the said yieldin g back to keep the same in contact with the I 5 nail while being sheared, substantially as described.

Witness my hand this 2d day of June, A. D. 1898.

HENRY ALEXIS \VILLIAMS.

In presence of P. E. TEscHEMAcHER, LOUISE Al OHAcn. 

